Suggestions for some single dish radio astronomy standards     

Anders J. G. Emrich  Nicholas D. Whyborn 《Experimental Astronomy》1993,4(1):41-58

In this paper we examine the possibility of adopting standards within the context of radio astronomy and the benefits to be derived thereby. In particular we consider the application of standards within the three areas of the receiver hardware, the control and communication between different parts of the observing system, and the interface with the astronomer. The adoption of such standards will increase flexibility of observing systems, allow the easy interchange of equipment between observatories and greatly simplify guest observing. In this paper we will only consider the application of standards within the field of millimetre-wave and sub-millimetre-wave single dish astronomy. However, the principle can be easily extended to other astronomical wavebands. We describe some current developments at the Onsala Space Observatory which illustrate the proposed philosophy and show how such standards may be implemented. Naturally, the detailed definition of such standards would have to be agreed in conjunction with other interested astronomical institutions.  相似文献   

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument     

郭井学  孙波 《极地研究(英文版)》2007,18(1):36-46

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.  相似文献   

Hydrodynamic factors controlling the distribution of heavy minerals (Bristol Channel)     

J. Vaughn Barrie 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1981,12(5):609-619

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Dissolved oxygen distribution and O2 fluxes across the sea-air interface in East China Sea waters     

Song Jin-ming  Zhan Bin-qiu  Li Peng-cheng 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1996,14(4):297-302

This study on the sectional and vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen (DO) and the O₂ fluxes across the sea-air interface in East China Sea (ESC) waters shows that the waters were in steady state and that the difference of DO was great in upper and bottom waters in Apr. 1994; but that seawater mixing was strong and the difference of DO was small in upper and bottom waters in Oct. 1994. The above conclusions were specially obvious in continental shelf waters under 100 m. The DO maximum in subsurface layer waters appeared only at several stations and in general the DO in the waters decreased with depth. The horizontal distributions of O₂ fluxes across the sea-air interface appeared in stripes in Leg 9404 when most regions covered were supersaturated with O₂ seawater to air flux was large, and that on section No. 1 was 1.594 L/m²·d. The horizontal distribution of O₂ fluxes across the sea-air interface appeared lumpy in Leg 9410, when most regions covered were unsaturated with O₂·O₂ was dissolved from air to seawater, and the fluxes were 0.819 L/m²·d on section No. 1 in Leg 9310, 0.219 L/m²·d in Leg 9410. The main reasons for DO change in surface layer seawater were the mixture of upper and bottom layer water, and the exchange of O₂ across the sea-air interface. The variation of DO by biological activity was only 20% of total change of DO. Contribution No. 2716 from Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.  相似文献   

利用声卡为计算机提供标准时间     

梁玉秋  刘博扬 《时间频率学报》2002,25(1):58-63

根据时统IRIG B(简称“B码”)的码形特点和编码原理 ,介绍利用计算机普通声卡接收标准化时统设备B码信号的硬件工作机理 ,着重阐述了软件解码的实现过程和为计算机提供标准时间的方法。  相似文献   

标准化气象数据服务接口设计与实现     

许皓皓  姚日升  沃伟峰 《气象科技》2018,46(4):685-691

为统一气象应用系统数据对接方式,规范气象数据使用环境,以国省两级气象信息化行动方案为纲领,采用Spring Boot和Spring Cloud微服务框架,设计和开发了标准化气象数据服务接口。标准化气象数据服务接口遵循气象信息化标准体系,采集和加工各类气象数据后汇入气象数据资源池,统一通过RESTful API发布数据,为全宁波市气象应用系统提供标准化数据对接服务。该接口改变了应用程序直接读取数据库的旧模式,降低了应用系统的开发成本,同时加强了运维部门对各类气象数据访问的监控和管理。文章主要介绍了气象数据服务接口的设计和开发过程,并详细描述了开发过程中涉及的接口规范、业务流程和关键技术。  相似文献   

轮古西奥陶系古潜山油藏油水界面的分布规律和控制机理          下载免费PDF全文

蔡忠贤  于聪灵  杨海军  张海祖  袁玉春 《地质科技通报》2020,39(1):130-136

碳酸盐岩古潜山油藏储层非均质性强烈,油、水分布特征十分复杂.以现代岩溶理论为指导,通过对轮古西奥陶系古潜山岩溶地表古水系的详细分级刻画,采用趋势面分析方法对古潜山岩溶残丘次级进行了划分,结合单井油水界面判识结果,对残丘级次的控油规律进行了综合分析,并运用油气差异聚集原理阐述了其控制机理.研究结果揭示了古潜山油藏部分油井油水界面分布受控于不同次级的残丘,从运移近源低部位向高部位油水界面呈抬升趋势,由一级残丘控制向二级残丘控制变化.这一分布规律本质上是油气差异聚集过程中不断抬升的岩溶沟谷决定的溢出点和相对独立的缝洞单元联合控制的.这一认识可为油藏开发方案的制定和调整提供重要依据.  相似文献   

无线传感器网络监测中远程数据传输的GPRS实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈玲  蒋中秋  朱轶  闫述 《煤田地质与勘探》2008,36(4)

无线传感器网络在大面积监控如煤田火灾、煤田水位遥测中有着广阔的应用前景,其中将数据从监控点传输到监控中心是一个关键环节。为了解决远程数据传输问题,在无线传感器汇聚节点上添加了GPRS模块。传感器采集的信号传到汇聚节点,由单片机ATmega128控制,通过GPRS模块SIM100发送到GPRS网,最终送到与Internet相连的计算机终端。介绍了单片机的串口通信以及发送数据的过程,给出了部分程序,并对系统进行了测试。结果表明,该系统能够实现实时的数据传输。  相似文献   

电测井在金塔盆地划分咸淡水界面的应用效果          下载免费PDF全文

曹树雄  高会龙  阎学智 《甘肃地质》2008,(3):89-92,57

通过分析电测井在金塔盆地划分含水层岩性、咸淡水界面的应用实例,总结出各种岩性含水层在咸、淡水状态下的电阻率特征,论述了涌水量与含水层厚度的关系、矿化度与含水层电阻率的关系,阐明了该方法在指导封井成井的有效性及应用前景。  相似文献   

青藏铁路多年冻土区沼泽化斜坡路基稳定性分析     

姜龙  王连俊 《工程地质学报》2008,16(2):239-244

青藏铁路多年冻土斜坡段路基稳定性对铁路长期运营具有潜在的威胁,分析评价当前和未来斜坡路基稳定性可指导路基工程的正确设计和施工,从而保证铁路的安全运营。多年冻土地温变化使斜坡路基稳定性分析不同于普通土路基,其冻融交界面位置是制约斜坡路基稳定性的关键所在。通过对安多试验段3a来的地温监测,分析路基地温变化规律,并预测了未来50a内试验段地温的变化趋势,建立了当前和未来条件下的斜坡路基稳定性模型,计算分析了斜坡路基的稳定性。通过上述研究,取得以下认识和结论:(1)铁路路堤的填筑,引起多年冻土温度场重分布;由于坡向不对称和几何不对称,使得地温场存在不对称;(2)依据冻融界面位置和活动层的地温特征将冻土路基划分为4个不同时期,即冬季严寒期(1~2月)、春夏融化活动期(3~8月)、最大融深期(9~10月)及回冻活动期(11~12月);通过计算对比分析,每年最大融深期的稳定性系数最小;(3)数值分析的预测结果表明,20a以后,安多段试验段路基的多年冻土完全退化,在所预测的第10年最大融深期稳定性系数最小。  相似文献